Robotics

Robotics sits at the intersection of mechanical engineering, computer science, and artificial intelligence, focusing on the design and operation of machines that can perceive, reason, and act in physical environments. Modern robots rely heavily on computer vision, reinforcement learning, and sensor fusion to navigate warehouses, perform surgical procedures, and assemble products on factory lines. Companies like Boston Dynamics and Tesla are pushing the boundaries of humanoid robotics, while industrial arms from Fanuc and KUKA have transformed manufacturing. Autonomous systems powered by neural networks allow robots to adapt to unstructured environments, picking irregular objects or traversing rough terrain. As foundation models and transfer learning advance, robots are becoming more generalizable, moving beyond rigid programming toward flexible, intelligent behavior in real-world settings.