Turing Test
The Turing Test is a measure of machine intelligence proposed by Alan Turing where a human judge evaluates whether they are conversing with a human or a machine. If the judge cannot reliably distinguish, the machine is said to exhibit intelligent behavior.
Understanding Turing Test
The Turing Test, proposed by mathematician Alan Turing in 1950, evaluates a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior indistinguishable from that of a human. In the test, a human evaluator engages in natural language conversations with both a machine and a human without knowing which is which, and the machine passes if the evaluator cannot reliably distinguish between them. While the test has been influential in shaping discussions about artificial intelligence and machine consciousness, it has also been criticized for conflating imitation with genuine understanding. Modern large language models like ChatGPT can produce remarkably human-like conversational responses, reigniting debates about whether the Turing Test remains a meaningful benchmark. Contemporary AI evaluation increasingly focuses on specific capabilities, benchmarks, and safety assessments rather than this single conversational criterion.
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Fundamentals
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AGI
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) refers to a hypothetical AI system with human-level cognitive abilities across all intellectual tasks. Unlike narrow AI, AGI would be able to learn, reason, and solve problems in any domain without task-specific training.
AI Winter
An AI winter is a period of reduced funding, interest, and research progress in artificial intelligence. Historical AI winters occurred in the 1970s and late 1980s, often following inflated expectations and undelivered promises.
Algorithm
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of rules for solving a computational problem. In AI, algorithms define how models learn from data, make predictions, and optimize their performance.
Artificial General Intelligence
Artificial General Intelligence is a theoretical form of AI that would match or exceed human cognitive abilities across all domains. AGI remains an aspirational goal rather than a current reality in AI research.
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is the broad field of computer science focused on creating systems that can perform tasks requiring human-like intelligence. AI encompasses machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, and robotics.
Artificial Narrow Intelligence
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) refers to AI systems designed to perform specific tasks, such as image recognition or language translation. All current AI systems, including large language models, are forms of narrow intelligence.
Artificial Superintelligence
Artificial Superintelligence (ASI) is a hypothetical AI that would surpass human intelligence in every cognitive dimension. The prospect of ASI raises profound questions about control, alignment, and the future of humanity.
Dynamic Programming
Dynamic programming is an algorithmic technique that solves complex problems by breaking them into simpler overlapping subproblems. It is used in reinforcement learning, sequence alignment, and optimal control.